A. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE AND PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

1. Simple Present Tense
Pola : S + V1 + O
note : V1 ditambah s/es untuk subjek bentuk ketiga tunggal dalam kalimat pernyataan.
Penggunaan :
a) Menyatakan suatu kebiasaan, contohnya :

• Every night the watchman turns on all the lights
• My sister lives in Bandung

b) Menyatakan kebenaran umum, contohnya :

• The sun rises in the east
• The earth revolves around the sun

c) Menyatakan hal yang akan terjadi dimasa datang (berhubungan dengan jadwal, program, acara, atau kegiatan lain yang terencana atau berskelanjutan), contohnya :

• She walks to school everyday
• The bus arrives at 7.00 pm

2. Present Progressive
Pola : S + tobe (am, is, are) + [verb + ing]
Stating a deed or activity in progress, there is the duration of the current time, Contohnya : We are leaving for the hottel at five o’clock.

Exercise
Simple Present Tense and Present Progressive

1. Something smells (smell) very good.
2. We are eating (eat) dinner at seven o’clock tonight.
3. He practices (practice) the piano everyday.
4. They are driving (drive) to school tomorrow.
5. I believe (believe) you.
6. Maria has (have) a cold.
7. George is swimming (swim) right now.
8. John hates (hate) smoke.
9. I will always gots (get) up at 6:00 am
10. Jerry is mowing (mow) the lown now.

B. SIMPLE PAST TENSE AND PAST PROGRESSIVE

1. Simple Past Tense
Pola: S + V2 + O
Stating an act or event that has been done in the past.
Penggunaanya :
Menyatakan kegiatan yang terjadi di masa lampau, contohnya :

• Mita went to Bandung last year
• Indra did her home work last night

2. Past Progressive
Pola : S + (was, were) + [verb + ing]
Stating an event that was happening, along with other events in the past, Contohnya :

• Alif was reading magazine when his mother called.

Exercise
Simple Past Tense and Past Progressive

1. Gene was eating (eat) dinner when his friend called.
2. While Maria was cleaning the apartment, her husband was sleeping (sleep).
3. At three o’clock this morning, Elenor was studying (study).
4. When Mark arrived, the Johson were having (have dinner), but they stopped in order to talk to him.
5. John went (go) to France last year.
6. When the teacher entered (enter) the room, the students were talking.
7. While John was writing the report, Henry was looking (look) for more information.
8. We saw (see) this movie last night.
9. At one time, Mr Robert owned (own) this building.
10. Jose was writing (write) a letter to his family when his pencil brooke.

C. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE AND PREFECT PROGRESSIVE

1. Present Perfect Tense
Pola : S + have/has + V3 + O
Penggunaanya :
Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang telah selesai dilaksanakan sekarang, contohnya :

• We have already written our reports ( we are not writing anymore)
• Dudi has already read the entire book (He is not reading it anymore)
• Linda has lived in Tambun since 1988.

2. Present Perfect Progressive
General form: subject + [has, have] + been + [verb + ing]
Example: George has been working in Washington for three years.

Exercise
Present Perfect Tense and Past Tense

1. John wrote (write) his report last night.
2. Bob has seen (see) this movie before.
3. George has read (read) the newspaper already.
4. Mr.Johson has work (work) in the same place for 35 years and he isn’t planning to retire yet.
5. We haven’t begun (begin, negative) to study for the test yet.
6. George went (go) to the store at ten o’clock this morning.
7. Joan has traveled (travel) around the world.
8. Betty wrote (write) a letter last night.
9. Guillermo called (call) his employer yesterday.
10. We haven’t seen (see, negative) this movie yet.